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You can add the Assistant component to the Home Page to fulfill this requirement. The Assistant component provides important updates like Leads assigned to you today and Opportunities with overdue tasks (for up to 90 days after the Close Date), among others.

A custom Flow is not relevant, there is no “Alarm component”, and “Today’s Events” component only displays the current user’s next events scheduled today.

Link to Salesforce Help : View Important Updates with the Assistant

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To be able to access a particular record from a flow launched using a Quick Action on the record page, you just have to create a “recordId” record variable in the flow, and make it available for input. The Quick Action will automatically pass the record to the “recordId” variable.

You don’t need to add a “Get Records” element in the flow, nor to edit the record page to pass the record to the flow.

Link to Salesforce help : Pass in the record to a Flow

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After 6:00 PM, Mr Lerner has been able to continue to view the current page, but not to take any further action, so any unsaved data have been lost.

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Newly created fields are automatically added to standard report types, and the option Auto add new custom fields to custom report type layouts (Setup > Reports and Dashboards Settings) can be enabled in order to automatically add newly created fields to custom report types.

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Default Locale is used for new users, and it controls how date and time, currency, name, adress and number fields are displayed.

Default Locale is set by an administrator, but users can choose their own Locale Settings (it will override the Org Locale).

Link to Salesforce help : Locales Overview

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You can add macros to the Utility Bar in order to automate repetitive tasks. In Lightning Experience, you can use the Macro Builder to create macros.

Macros have to be added to the Utility Bar before being able to create macros.

Link to Salesforce help : Set Up and Use Macros

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You would indeed use Data Loader. Data Import Wizard is recommended when you got to import 50,000 records max.

There is no “Mass Leads Creation” tool, and creating 100,000 leads manually is not an option.

Link to Salesforce help : Data loader

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To display a single value, a Metric component is the way to go.

Link to Salesforce Help : Dashboard Component Types

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You can create look-up and master-detail relationships, and you can access Schema Builder from Classic and Lightning Experience.

Standard objects don’t have an edit and delete option, and you can’t create geolocation fields in Schema Builder.

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User Licenses (one is assigned to each user), Feature Licenses (used to provide additional features), and Permission Set Licenses (also used to grant access to additional features) are actual types of licenses.

Link to Salesforce help : Licenses Overview